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ACL Reconstruction Surgery

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of four major ligaments in the knee joint. It helps maintain the knee's rotational stability and prevents the tibia (shin bone) from slipping in front of the femur (thigh bone). The ACL is located in the center of the knee and works with the posterior cruciate ligament to stabilize the front-to-back movement of the knee. The ACL prevents excessive forward movement of the tibia and the PCL prevents excessive backward movement of the tibia. The medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament are located along the outside (LCL) and inside (MCL) of your knee.

ACL Reconstruction Surgery
How do you know if you need ACL surgery?

The need for surgery depends on the severity of the ACL tear and the lifestyle of the patient. A completely torn ACL cannot heal on its own. Studies have shown, however, that in some young patients who experience a partial tear of the ACL, the ligament may heal without the need for surgery. In patients who have only a partial tear, nonsurgical treatment may be an option.

ACL Reconstruction Surgery Steps
  • ○ The orthopedic surgeon makes small incisions around the knee joint, creating portals of entry for the arthroscope camera and surgical instruments.
  • ○ The arthroscope is inserted into the knee and delivers saline solution to expand the space around the joint. This makes room for surgical tools, including the arthroscopic camera, which sends video to a monitor so that the surgeon can see inside the knee joint.
  • ○ The surgeon then evaluates structures that surround the torn ACL, including the left and right meniscus and the articular cartilage. If either of these soft tissues have any lesions, the surgeon repairs them.
  • ○ Next the graft will be harvested (unless a donor allograft is used). A section of tendon from another part of the patient's body is cut to create a graft. Graft can be used from the patient’s iliotibial band, hamstring tendons, or kneecap tendons (quadriceps or patellar tendons).
  • ○ Over time, the graft will grow into the bone.
  • Symptoms of ACL
  • Types
  • Benefits of Surgery

An injury to your anterior cruciate ligament is usually accompanied by a "popping" noise and a feeling that your knee gives out from under you. Other signs and symptoms of an ACL injury include:

  • ○ Pain on the outside and back of the knee
  • ○ Knee swelling within the first few hours of the injury
  • ○ Limited knee movement because of swelling and/or pain
  • ○ Loss of full range of motion
  • ○ Discomfort while walking

There are a few ways to treat ACL tears through reconstruction or repair:
Autograft – This reconstruction surgery involves replacing the torn ligament with a piece of tendon (the tissue that connects muscles with bones) from the patient's kneecap (patellar tendon), hamstring, or thigh (quadriceps tendon)
Allograft – The graft used is a piece of tendon from a tissue bank (from a person who died and donated their body to science). This is most often used in older individuals but less so in younger adults, due to a higher risk of having a repeated tear.
Bridge-Enhanced ACL Restoration – A recently developed technique that uses a collagen implant to repair the native ACL. This is an option for patients age 14 and over who have finished growing and have a portion of the ACL still attached to the tibia to complete the reconstruction.

1. Improved Stability : One of the biggest benefits of ACL reconstruction is improved stability. When your ACL is torn, your knee becomes unstable and you may experience instability or weakness. ACL reconstruction surgery rebuilds the ligament using a graft, which restores stability to the knee joint. This can help prevent future injuries and improve your overall mobility.
2. Reduced Pain and Swelling : Many patients experience pain and swelling after ACL surgery, but this is typically temporary. In the long-term, ACL reconstruction can actually reduce pain and swelling in the knee. By restoring stability and function to the joint, you may experience less strain on surrounding muscles and less inflammation over time.
3. Faster Return to Sport and Activities : If you’re an athlete or someone who enjoys being active, ACL reconstruction surgery can help you get back to your favorite activities faster. While the recovery period can take several months, once you have fully healed, you’ll be able to resume activities that you were not able to do with a torn ACL. This can also help boost your confidence and mental wellbeing.
4. Reduced Risk of Future Knee Injuries : If you choose not to undergo ACL reconstruction, your knee will remain unstable and you’ll be at a higher risk of sustaining another ACL injury in the future. ACL reconstruction can mitigate this risk, making it far less likely that you’ll experience a repeat injury. In fact, many patients find that they’re actually stronger and more resilient after ACL reconstruction than they were before.
5. Preventing Chronic Knee Problems : If you’re a younger patient, living with a torn ACL can lead to chronic knee problems down the road. Over time, cartilage in the knee joint can become worn, leading to more serious injuries and chronic conditions like osteoarthritis. By undergoing ACL reconstruction, you can prevent these chronic issues from developing and maintain full function of your knee as you age.

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Welcome to Bhim Hospital, where we are dedicated to providing exceptional medical care to the Punjab, Haryana & Rajasthan's Patient. Under the expert leadership of Dr. Anshul Garg, a highly skilled Robotic Joint Surgeon, our hospital has earned a reputation

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